Аrrhythmology

Currently, the FEFU Medical Center conducts cardiac arrhythmia surgeries, which are considered to be a high-tech health care.

This health care is provided absolutely free of charge for the citizens of the Russian Federation.

Bradycardia Treatment

Bradycardia may occur:

· with the lesion of the primary pacemaker—sinoatrial node (Sick sinus syndrome—SSS)

· if there is a violation of electrical impulse conduction from the atria to the ventricles (Atrioventricular blocks)

· if the appointment of antiarrhythmic drugs to reduce the number of heart rate is necessary

SSS (Sick sinus syndrome) is dangerous:

The main risk factors of SSS are the possible episodes of loss of consciousness, blackouts, and sudden feelings of weakness. Prolonged cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death when with SSS is extremely rare.

To Diagnose SSS

Routine ECG registration is usually enough to diagnose SSS. If pauses are sporadic, SSS may be detected by the daily ECG monitoring. Daily ECG monitoring will show the duration of pauses, their number, distribution over time of day, and, most importantly, the relationship with the patient's symptoms. The treatment of the patient is determined based on these data.

What is the tactics of a patient with SSS treatment?

Tactics of treatment of a patient with SSS depends on the severity of symptoms and the clinical situation. As a rule, symptomatic pauses or bradycardia require the implantation of a permanent pacemaker (PP) in a patient. Dual-chamber permanent pacemaker is required more often than not. Asymptomatic SSS only requires dynamic follow-up monitoring.

Atrioventricular (AV) Block

High-grade AV block can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden cardiac death.

How to diagnose AV block?

Routine ECG registration is usually enough to diagnose AV block. If AV block is episodic in nature, it may be identified by daily ECG monitoring. Besides, daily ECG monitoring will show the duration of pauses, their number, the extent of violations of AV conduction, and distribution over time of day. The treatment of the patient is determined based on these data.

What is the tactics of a patient with AV block treatment?

The tactics of treatment of patients with AV block depends on the extent of the AV conduction violation, and the specific clinical situation. High-grade AV block (second degree type II, subtotal, and total) typically requires implantation of a permanent pacemaker (PP) to a patient. Lower degree of AV block requires dynamic follow-up monitoring.

In tachycardia, premature contractions may occur both in the atria (supraventricular tachycardia) and in the ventricles.

Supraventricular heart rhythm disorders include:

· Atrial fibrillation (often referred to as "ciliary arrhythmia")

· Atrial flutter

· Atrial tachycardia

· Reciprocal supraventricular tachycardia

· Premature atrial contraction.

Ventricular arrhythmias threaten human life more than atrial ones. These include:

· Premature ventricular contraction

· Ventricular tachycardia

· Ventricular fibrillation

However, the most terrible complication of cardiovascular disease is sudden cardiac death as a result of the development of ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. A particularly high risk of sudden death is in patients who have  suffered a myocardial infarction.

Implantation of cardioverter defibrillators. This surgery is possible after consulting an arrhythmologist Yury V. Egay (+7 914 653 43 30).

Another frightening consequence of myocardial infarction and/or different types of cardiopathy is heart failure. This pathology is a slow, progressive deterioration of the functional myocardial contractility.

Symptoms are: shortness of breath, swelling of the legs, and hepatomegaly.

To return the functional ability of the myocardium requires the implantation of CRT device.

Implantation is performed under strict indications, which are determined during inspection and consulting an arrhythmologist.